Sunday, December 28, 2014

What is computer Networking?

Introduction

      Networking is the process of connecting one computer terminal with the others. A communication system that supports many users can be called a Network or we can say network is a communication system, which interconnects many users who have something in common, either with respect to the type of data being sent or to the geographic areas that the users cover. Networks can be sued between people, between people and computers, between computers and equipment or between computers, Today, organizations use networks in all possible ways. Depending on the application, the network needs different speed, degree of reliability, and cost.
    One of the largest networks in the world is at the National Aeronautics and Space Agency (NASA). This network combines all of the worldwide space tracking stations, the NASA research facilities, and the NASA operational offices. Data from any location can be instantly sent to any other, as can memos, messages, and conversations.

Computer Networks:


           Multiple nodes of computers, which are connected with each other, are called computer network, A computer network is created when several computers and terminals include Microcomputer, Minicomputers, Medium scale computers & large computers. Each computer in a network can have its own processing capabilities and can also share computer hardware, programs, software and data files.
           Computer Network is an interconnection between two or more than two computers through physical component and logical component. These components are as follows:

                    #        Network Typologies
                    #        Cabling
                    #        Network Interface cards
                    #        Protocol
                    #        Hum/Switches
                    #        Modem (For Cyber Networking)

            Due to tremendous impact of computers and computer networks on society during the past decade, this period is called 'Information Age'. The information age is equally dependent on the computer and network. The network exists to meet one goal namely, the transfer and exchange of data between the computers and terminals.
            A Network allows may users to share a common pathway to communicate with each other whereas a computer network is a number of computers (usually called terminals)interconnected by one or more transmission paths. The design and installation of a network involves many considerations.